Absence of associations with prefrontal cortex and cerebellum may link to early language and social deficits in preschool children with ASD

作者：Xin Jing, Kaiyu Huang, Aiwen Yi, Ziyu Feng, Heng Liu, Xiaoqing Liu, Lili Liang, Qingshan Huang, Yaqiong Xiao · 发表于：Frontiers in Psychiatry · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1144993 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Autism Spectrum Disorder Research、Language Development and Disorders、Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder, characterized by language and social deficits that begin to appear in the first years of life. Research in preschool children with ASD has consistently reported increased global brain volume and abnormal cortical patterns, and the brain structure abnormalities have also been found to be clinically and behaviorally relevant. However, little is known regarding the associations between brain structure abnormalities and early language and social deficits in preschool children with ASD. Methods: In this study, we collected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a cohort of Chinese preschool children with and without ASD (24 ASD/20 non-ASD) aged 12-52 months, explored group differences in brain gray matter (GM) volume, and examined associations between regional GM volume and early language and social abilities in these two groups, separately. Results: We observed significantly greater global GM volume in children with ASD as compared to those without ASD, but there were no regional GM volume differences between these two groups. For children without ASD, GM volume in bilateral prefrontal cortex and cerebellum was significantly correlated with language scores; GM volume in bilateral prefrontal cortex was significantly correlated with social scores. No significant correlations were found in children with ASD. Discussion: Our data demonstrate correlations of regional GM volume with early language and...