Opportunities and challenges of single molecule science

作者：Cheng Li, Chuangcheng Jia, Xuefeng Guo · 发表于：Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1360/tb-2022-1112 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures、Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques、Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques

Single-molecule science focuses its perspective on the microscopic scale, reveals a series of novel phenomena and properties different from macroscopic materials, and effectively circumvents the interference of ensemble average. Meanwhile, the construction of functional devices based on single molecules is expected to meet the demand for miniaturization and high integration of electronic devices, thus conforming to the national strategies for device miniaturization in the information field. Specifically, single-molecule science studies multi-dimensional contents, such as molecular conformation design, single-molecule super-resolution imaging/mechanical manipulation, and characterization/theoretical simulation of single-molecule physical and chemical properties. As an advanced interdisciplinary field, single-molecule science can inject impetus into the continuous development of multiple disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, biology and materials, and has become the commanding heights of competition in the world. There are many interesting and elegant opportunities in the field of single-molecule science, and great progress has been made so far. For example, single-molecule junction electrical platforms allow real-time adjustment of the physical properties of single molecules and capture of transition states in chemical reactions. At the same time, single-molecule junctions also show satisfactory results in the construction of single-molecule electronic devices including fie...