Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori : From potential biomolecular mechanisms to clinical practice

作者：Yi‐Fan Lin, Yongfu Shao, Jianing Yan, Guoliang Ye · 发表于：Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/jcla.24885 · 被引用次数：58 · 研究领域：Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies、Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

Increasing rates of Helicobacter pylori resistance are associated with multiple clinical challenges. Bacterial factors linked to H. pylori resistance are mutations, efflux pumps, and biofilms. Gene mutations such as nucleic acid synthesis-related gene mutations, rRNA coding gene mutations, and cell wall synthesis-related gene mutations are the most important mechanisms by which H. pylori evades bactericidal effects. These mechanisms are also closely related to the biological activity of the efflux pump systems and biofilms. Activation of the efflux pump system and biofilm formation both lead to the emergence of MDR strains, further increasing the difficulty of eradication therapy. In this review, the status of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori from different regions and countries is summarized and compared, and H. pylori resistance profiles and their changing trends in the clinic are described. Then, research progress on biomolecular mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies are introduced and discussed. Challenges resulting from increasing resistance, potential solutions to combat increasing resistance, and future directions are discussed to help clinicians and researchers better address the emergence and spread of resistant H. pylori strains and optimize drug regimens. With the rate of H. pylori resistance to commonly used antibiotics increasing, more attention should be given to the selection of antibiotics and to monitoring...