Neurobehavioral risk factors influence prevalence and severity of hazardous substance use in youth at genetic and clinical high risk for psychosis

作者：Carolyn Amir, Simon Kapler, Gil D. Hoftman, Leila Kushan, Jamie Zinberg, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Leda Kennedy, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden · 发表于：Frontiers in Psychiatry · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1143315 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Congenital heart defects research、Schizophrenia research and treatment、Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities

Background Elevated rates of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use are observed in both patients with psychotic disorders and individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), and strong genetic associations exist between substance use disorders and schizophrenia. While individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDel) are at increased genetic risk for psychosis, initial evidence suggests that they have strikingly low rates of substance use. In the current study, we aimed to directly compare substance use patterns and their neurobehavioral correlates in genetic and clinical high-risk cohorts. Methods Data on substance use frequency and severity, clinical symptoms, and neurobehavioral measures were collected at baseline and at 12-month follow-up visits in two prospective longitudinal cohorts: participants included 89 22qDel carriers and 65 age and sex-matched typically developing (TD) controls (40.67% male, M age = 19.26 ± 7.84 years) and 1,288 CHR-P youth and 371 matched TD controls from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study-2 and 3 (55.74% male; M age = 18.71 ± 4.27 years). Data were analyzed both cross-sectionally and longitudinally using linear mixed effects models. Results Controlling for age, sex, and site, CHR-P individuals had significantly elevated rates of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use relative to TD controls, whereas 22qDel had significantly lower rates. Increased substance use in CHR-P individuals was associated with increased psychosis symptom ...