Association of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on severity of optic nerve hypoplasia

作者：Betty A. Situ, Mark Borchert, Brianne Brown, Pamela Garcia‐Filion · 发表于：Birth Defects Research · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/bdr2.2165 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies、Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies、Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors

Abstract Background Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a birth defect of unknown etiology and a leading cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Recent studies suggest that factors of deprivation and exposures of poor nutritional status, such as lower gestational weight gain (GWG), may be associated with increased risk of ONH. The present study describes the prenatal features of mothers of ONH cases, including prepregnancy BMI and GWG, and the associations with clinical features of disease severity. Methods Retrospective study of prenatal records for cases of ONH enrolled in a research registry. Prepregnancy BMI and GWG were compared to maternal characteristics and clinical findings of ONH severity including bilaterality, hypopituitarism, and neuroradiographic abnormalities. Results Compared to population‐based normative data of births in the United States, mothers of ONH cases ( n = 55) were younger (23.3 vs. 25.8 years; p = 0.03), with higher incidence of inadequate GWG (34.0% vs. 20.4%; p = 0.03) predominantly in the first and second trimesters. The presence of major brain malformations was associated with younger maternal age (21.6 [IQR 19.4, 24.7] vs. 24.9 years [IQR 22.1, 28.5] [ p = 0.02]), primiparity (44.1% vs. 13.3%; p = 0.05) and decreased prepregnancy BMI (20.9 kg/m 2 [19, 22.5] vs. 25.5 kg/m 2 [21.3, 28.2]; p < 0.01). Conclusion Decreased prepregnancy BMI and inadequate GWG correlated with clinical features of ONH severity, specifically bilateral diseas...