Current Pubertal Development in Chinese Children and the Impact of Overnutrition, Lifestyle, and Perinatal Factors

作者：Xinyi Liang, Ke Huang, Guangping Dong, Ruimin Chen, Shaoke Chen, Rongxiu Zheng, Chunlin Wang, Haiyan Wei, Bingyan Cao, Yan Liang, Hui Jun Yao, Zhe Su, Mireguli Maimaiti, Feihong Luo, Pin Li, Min Zhu, Hongwei Du, Yu Yang, Lanwei Cui, Shuting Si, Guannan Bai, Yunxian Yu, Ergang Wang, Paul Leslie Hofman, Junfen Fu · 发表于：The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1210/clinem/dgad102 · 被引用次数：24 · 研究领域：Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones、Sexual Differentiation and Disorders、Urological Disorders and Treatments

CONTEXT: Age of pubertal onset has been decreasing in many countries but there have been no data on pubertal development in Chinese children over the last decade. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the current status of sexual maturation in Chinese children and adolescents. Secondary objectives were to examine socioeconomic, lifestyle, and auxological associations with pubertal onset. METHODS: In this national, cross-sectional, community-based health survey, a multistage, stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a nationally representative sample, consisting of 231 575 children and adolescents (123 232 boys and 108 343 girls) between 2017 and 2019. Growth parameters and pubertal staging were assessed by physical examination. RESULTS: Compared to 10 years previously, the median age of Tanner 2 breast development and menarche were similar at 9.65 years and 12.39 years respectively. However, male puberty occurred earlier with a median age of testicular volume ≥4 mL of 10.65 years. Pubertal onset did occur earlier at the extremes, with 3.3% of the girls with breast development at 6.5-6.99 years old, increasing to 5.8% by 7.5-7.99 years old. Early pubertal onset was also noted in boys, with a testicular volume ≥ 4 mL noted in 1.5% at 7.5-7.99 years, increasing to 3.5% at 8.5-8.99 years old. Obesity and overweight increased risk of developing earlier puberty relative to normal weight in both boys and girls. CONCLUSION: Over the past de...