Prevalence and risk factor for long COVID in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis and systematic review

作者：Yongbo Zheng, Na Zeng, Kai Yuan, Shanshan Tian, Ying-Bo Yang, Nan Gao, Xuan Chen, An-Yi Zhang, Alexandra L Kondratiuk, Peipei Shi, Fang Zhang, Jie Sun, Jing-Li Yue, Xiao Lin, Le Shi, Ajit Lalvani, Jie Shi, Yanping Bao, Lin Lü · 发表于：Journal of Infection and Public Health · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1016/j.jiph.2023.03.005 · 被引用次数：152 · 研究领域：Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research、Respiratory and Cough-Related Research

BACKGROUND: Millions of COVID-19 pediatric survivors are facing the risk of long COVID after recovery from acute COVID-19. The primary objective of this study was to systematically review the available literature and determine the pooled prevalence of, and risk factors for long COVID among the pediatric survivors. METHODS: Studies that assessed the prevalence of, or risk factors associated with long COVID among pediatric COVID-19 survivors were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to December 11th, 2022. Random effects model was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of long COVID among pediatric COVID-19 patients. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression on the estimated prevalence of long COVID were performed by stratification with follow-up duration, mean age, sex ratio, percentage of multisystem inflammatory syndrome, hospitalization rate at baseline, and percentage of severe illness. RESULTS: Based on 40 studies with 12,424 individuals, the pooled prevalence of any long COVID was 23.36 % ([95 % CI 15.27-32.53]). The generalized symptom (19.57 %, [95 % CI 9.85-31.52]) was reported most commonly, followed by respiratory (14.76 %, [95 % CI 7.22-24.27]), neurologic (13.51 %, [95 % CI 6.52-22.40]), and psychiatric (12.30 %, [95% CI 5.38-21.37]). Dyspnea (22.75 %, [95% CI 9.38-39.54]), fatigue (20.22 %, [95% CI 9.19-34.09]), and headache (15.88 %, [95 % CI 6.85-27.57]) were most widely reported specific symptoms. The prevalence of any symptom du...