Comparing the Etiology of Viral Acute Respiratory Illnesses Between Children Who Do and Do Not Attend Childcare

作者：Peter M. DeJonge, Arnold S. Monto, Ryan E. Malosh, Joshua G. Petrie, Amy P. Callear, Hannah E. Segaloff, Rachel Truscon, Emileigh Johnson, Bonnie Hayden Cheng, Mara Cranis, Katie Tiseo, Sydney Foote, Adrienne Musci, Emily T. Martin · 发表于：The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1097/inf.0000000000003884 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Respiratory viral infections research、Pediatric health and respiratory diseases、Viral Infections and Immunology Research

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Childcare attendance is a common risk factor for acute respiratory illness (ARI) in young children. Our goal was to better understand the specific respiratory viruses that predominate in childcare, which may support the development of tailored illness prevention and intervention strategies in childcare settings. METHODS: Using data from a prospective household cohort of ARI surveillance, we assessed specimen from 1418 ARIs reported by 359 childcare-aged children over 6 study seasons (2012/2013 through 2017/2018). Respiratory swabs were tested by polymerase chain reaction for 9 respiratory viruses. A mixed-effect logistic regression model was used to compare odds of various viral detection outcomes. The Shannon's Diversity index was used to compare the richness (ie, number of species) and diversity (ie, relative species abundance) associated with respiratory viruses detected in both groups. RESULTS: At least 1 virus was detected in 75.5% of childcare-associated ARIs and in 80.1% of homecare ARIs. Compared with illnesses among homecare children, childcare illnesses were associated with significantly higher odds of detected adenovirus (odds ratio = 1.86, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-3.28) and human metapneumovirus (odds ratio = 1.76, 95% confidence interval = 1.03-3.0). The pool of viruses associated with childcare ARI was found to be significantly richer and more diverse than that of viruses associated with homecare ARI ( P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Ch...