Fabrication and characterization of photosensitive non-isocyanate polyurethane acrylate resin for 3D printing of customized biocompatible orthopedic surgical guides

作者：Yan Wang, Zhichao Zheng, Janak L. Pathak, Weiwei Feng, Weicong Wu, Chuangang Yang, Lihong Wu, Huade Zheng · 发表于：International Journal of Bioprinting · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.18063/ijb.684 · 被引用次数：29 · 研究领域：Bone Tissue Engineering Materials、Dental materials and restorations、3D Printing in Biomedical Research

Three-dimensional (3D)-printed orthopedic surgical guides have the potential to provide personalized precision treatment. Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) is commonly used in the 3D printing of biomedical materials but its application in the orthopedic surgical guide is limited by poor mechanical properties and biocompatibility. In this study, we fabricated non-isocyanate polyurethane acrylate (NIPUA) photosensitive resin with superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties required for 3D-printed orthopedic surgical guides. NIPU prepolymer was synthesized by a ring-opening reaction and a ring acrylation reaction. NIPUA was further synthesized using polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) as a modified material based on sustainable synthesis with reduced synthesis time. NIPUA showed the best tensile and flexural strengths when the PEGDA content reached 12 wt.%. NIPUA exhibited higher thermal stability, hemocompatibility, superior biocompatibility to ME3T3-E1 bone cells and C1C12 muscle cells, and non-immunogenic effect toward macrophages compared with commercial photosensitive resins. Commercial resins triggered a severe inflammatory response during in vivo implantation, but this effect was not observed during NIPUA implantation. Transcriptome analysis showed downregulation of cell death and cell cycle disruption-related genes, such as CDK2, CDKN1a, and GADD45a, and upregulation of autophagy and anti-tumor activity-related genes, such as MYC, PLK1, and BUB1b, in NIPUA-tr...