Escalating costs of self-injury mortality in the 21st century United States: an interstate observational study

作者：Ian R. H. Rockett, Bina Ali, Eric D. Caine, Donald S. Shepard, Aniruddha Banerjee, Kurt B. Nolte, Hilary Smith Connery, Gregory Luke Larkin, Steven John Stack, Franklin M. M. White, Haomiao Jia, Jeralynn Sittig Cossman, Judith Feinberg, Amanda Nicole Stover, Ted R. Miller · 发表于：BMC Public Health · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s12889-023-15188-8 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Suicide and Self-Harm Studies、Gun Ownership and Violence Research、Opioid Use Disorder Treatment

BACKGROUND: Estimating the economic costs of self-injury mortality (SIM) can inform health planning and clinical and public health interventions, serve as a basis for their evaluation, and provide the foundation for broadly disseminating evidence-based policies and practices. SIM is operationalized as a composite of all registered suicides at any age, and 80% of drug overdose (intoxication) deaths medicolegally classified as 'accidents,' and 90% of corresponding undetermined (intent) deaths in the age group 15 years and older. It is the long-term practice of the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to subsume poisoning (drug and nondrug) deaths under the injury rubric. This study aimed to estimate magnitude and change in SIM and suicide costs in 2019 dollars for the United States (US), including the 50 states and the District of Columbia. METHODS: Cost estimates were generated from underlying cause-of-death data for 1999/2000 and 2018/2019 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER). Estimation utilized the updated version of Medical and Work Loss Cost Estimation Methods for CDC's Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS). Exposures were medical expenditures, lost work productivity, and future quality of life loss. Main outcome measures were disaggregated, annual-averaged total and per capita costs of SIM and suicide for the nation and states...