Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction

作者：Yu Deng, Lei Liu, Hongmei Jiang, Yifan Peng, Yishu Wei, Zhiyang Zhou, Yizhen Zhong, Yun Zhao, Xiaoyun Yang, Jingzhi Yu, Zhiyong Lu, Abel Kho, Hongyan Ning, Norrina B. Allen, John T. Wilkins, Kiang Liu, Donald M. Lloyd‐Jones, Lihui Zhao · 发表于：BMC Medical Research Methodology · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1186/s12874-022-01829-w · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare、Machine Learning in Healthcare、Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education

BACKGROUND: The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) are race- and sex-specific Cox proportional hazards (PH)-based models used for 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction with acceptable discrimination. In recent years, neural network models have gained increasing popularity with their success in image recognition and text classification. Various survival neural network models have been proposed by combining survival analysis and neural network architecture to take advantage of the strengths from both. However, the performance of these survival neural network models compared to each other and to PCEs in ASCVD prediction is unknown. METHODS: In this study, we used 6 cohorts from the Lifetime Risk Pooling Project (with 5 cohorts as training/internal validation and one cohort as external validation) and compared the performance of the PCEs in 10-year ASCVD risk prediction with an all two-way interactions Cox PH model (Cox PH-TWI) and three state-of-the-art neural network survival models including Nnet-survival, Deepsurv, and Cox-nnet. For all the models, we used the same 7 covariates as used in the PCEs. We fitted each of the aforementioned models in white females, white males, black females, and black males, respectively. We evaluated models' internal and external discrimination power and calibration. RESULTS: The training/internal validation sample comprised 23216 individuals. The average age at baseline was 57.8 years old (SD = 9.6); 16% developed AS...