A Comprehensive Review on Adsorption, Photocatalytic and Chemical Degradation of Dyes and Nitro-Compounds over Different Kinds of Porous and Composite Materials

作者：Abdul Haleem, Anum Shafiq, Shengqi Chen, Mudasir Nazar · 发表于：Molecules · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.3390/molecules28031081 · 被引用次数：357 · 研究领域：Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions、Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal、Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques

Dye and nitro-compound pollution has become a significant issue worldwide. The adsorption and degradation of dyes and nitro-compounds have recently become important areas of study. Different methods, such as precipitation, flocculation, ultra-filtration, ion exchange, coagulation, and electro-catalytic degradation have been adopted for the adsorption and degradation of these organic pollutants. Apart from these methods, adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and chemical degradation are considered the most economical and efficient to control water pollution from dyes and nitro-compounds. In this review, different kinds of dyes and nitro-compounds, and their adverse effects on aquatic organisms and human beings, were summarized in depth. This review article covers the comprehensive analysis of the adsorption of dyes over different materials (porous polymer, carbon-based materials, clay-based materials, layer double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, and biosorbents). The mechanism and kinetics of dye adsorption were the central parts of this study. The structures of all the materials mentioned above were discussed, along with their main functional groups responsible for dye adsorption. Removal and degradation methods, such as adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and chemical degradation of dyes and nitro-compounds were also the main aim of this review article, as well as the materials used for such degradation. The mechanisms of photocatalytic and chemical degradation w...