Metabolic Characteristics of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Effects on Pregnancy Outcomes

作者：Ping Luo, Ying Fan, Yusha Xiong, Chunlin Zhang, Zhiping Yang, Fenglan Sun, Bing Mei · 发表于：Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.2147/dmso.s390999 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Gestational Diabetes Research and Management、Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies、Birth, Development, and Health

Objective: To describe the metabolic characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and assess their effects on perinatal outcomes. Methods: A two-center nested case‒control study was designed, including 192 pregnant women with GDM and 191 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Serum glucose and insulin concentrations based upon the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. Several indices were calculated to describe the metabolic characteristics of the subjects. The relationship between glucose metabolism parameters and pregnancy outcomes was evaluated using stepwise linear regression and binary logistic regression. Results: Compared with the NGT group, the GDM group showed significantly higher fasting and postprandial glucose parameters but significantly lower fasting and postprandial insulin responses. Meanwhile, the GDM group had significantly lower HOMA-β, DI and ISI Matsuda but comparable HOMA-IR. The IFG subgroup showed significantly lower FINS/FPG only, while the IGT and IFSG subgroups showed deficiency in both fasting and postprandial insulin response. The IFSG subgroup had the highest glucose parameters and the lowest insulin parameters, as well as significantly lower ISI Matsuda and HOMA-β than the NGT group. FPG had a significant effect on infants’ birth weight, and 1hPG and FINS/FPG had a significant effect on delivery gestational age. AUC-INS, IGI 60 and DI were related to premature delivery risk after adjusting for confounders....