Are language features associated with psychosis risk universal? A study in Mandarin‐speaking youths at clinical high risk for psychosis

作者：Carla Agurto, Raquel Norel, Bo Wen, YanYan Wei, Dan Zhang, Zarina Bilgrami, Xiaolu Hsi, Tianhong Zhang, Ofer Pasternak, Huijun Li, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Larry J. Seidman, Susan Whitfield‐Gabrieli, Martha E. Shenton, Margaret Niznikiewicz, Jijun Wang, Guillermo Cecchi, Cheryl M. Corcoran, William S. Stone · 发表于：World Psychiatry · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1002/wps.21045 · 被引用次数：18 · 研究领域：Schizophrenia research and treatment、Language Development and Disorders、Stuttering Research and Treatment

Natural language processing (NLP) analyses have shown de­creas­ed coherence (tangentiality, derailment) and complexity (poverty of content) in schizophrenia and in clinical high risk (CHR) states for psychosis. We reported previously in this journal1 that an NLP machine learning classifier, which included mea­sures of coherence and complexity, predicted psychosis onset in two inde­pendent English-speaking CHR samples. Moreover, reduced complexity has been associated with increased pauses and negative symptoms in at-risk youths2. Multiple recent NLP studies in schizophrenia and CHR cohorts, using different methods, have largely found this same pattern of disturbance in the structure of language and speech3. Most of these studies have been conducted in English, with notable exceptions including Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish4. It remains unknown, however, whether NLP findings obtained in English or other Indo-European languages would generalize to less similar languages, such as Mandarin, which has very different grammatical and prosodic conventions. This study included 20 help-seeking CHR youth and 25 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-funded Shanghai-At-Risk for Psychosis (SHARP) study at the Shanghai Mental Health Center, where institutional review board approval was obtained. Caseness and symptoms were determined using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS)5. Subjects were Han Chinese and spo...