Fisheries-enhanced pressure on Mediterranean regions and pelagic species already impacted by climate change

作者：Jazel Ouled‐Cheikh, Marta Coll, Luís Cardona, Jeroen Steenbeek, Francisco Ramı́rez · 发表于：Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1525/elementa.2022.00028 · 被引用次数：22 · 研究领域：Marine and fisheries research、Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies、Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies

Marine species are widely threatened by anthropogenic activities, including fishing and human-induced climate change. However, geographically broad and spatially explicit assessments of the simultaneous impacts of these major threats at regional scales are mostly lacking due to the practical challenges of surveying vast geographical areas and obtaining adequately resolved data. Yet, these assessments are key for identifying highly and cumulatively impacted areas and species that should be prioritized for conservation through knowledge-based management strategies. Here, we analysed a 26-year (1993–2018) time series of highly resolved remotely sensed environmental data to evaluate changes in optimal habitat availability (i.e., extent of marine areas encompassing optimal environmental conditions) for 15 species representative of small, medium and large pelagic fish inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea Large Marine Ecosystem. We then combined spatial and temporal data on fishing pressure and changes in optimal habitats to identify areas of high risk of cumulative impacts. Overall, results show how most of the studied Mediterranean pelagic species experienced a reduction in optimal habitat availability over the past decades. The few species that showed positive trends in optimal habitat availability expanded only to a small degree and hence were unlikely to compensate for the loss of key functional roles at the group level. Habitat loss concentrated in the western and central regions....