Out of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau: Origin, evolution and historical biogeography of Morchella (both Elata and Esculenta clades)

作者：Meng Qing, Zhanling Xie, Hongyan Xu, Jing Guo, Yongpeng Tang, Ting Ma, Qingqing Peng, Bao Wang, Yujing Mao, Shangjin Yan, Jiabao Yang, Deyu Dong, Yingzhu Duan, Fan Zhang, Taizhen Gao · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2022.1078663 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Plant Diversity and Evolution、Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions、Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Introduction: Morchella has become a research hotspot because of its wide distribution, delicious taste, and phenotypic plasticity. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau subkingdoms (QTPs) are known as the cradle of Ice age biodiversity. However, the diversity of Morchella in the QTPs has been poorly investigated, especially in phylogenetic diversity, origin, and biogeography. Methods: The genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR, based on Bayesian evolutionary analysis using sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (nrLSU), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), and the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2)), differentiation time estimation, and ancestral region reconstruction were used to infer Morchella's phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography in the QTPs. Results: Firstly, a total of 18 Morchella phylogenetic species are recognized in the QTPs, including 10 Elata clades and 8 Esculenta clades of 216 individuals Secondly, the divergences of the 18 phylogenetic species were 50.24-4.20 Mya (Eocene-Pliocene), which was closely related to the geological activities in the QTPs. Furthermore, the ancestor of Morchella probably originated in the Northern regions (Qilian Shan, Elata cade) and southwestern regions (Shangri-La, Esculenta clade) of QTPs and might have migrated from North America (Rufobrunnea clade) via Beringian Land Bridge (BLB) and Long-Distance Dispersal (LDD)...