Structural brain changes in post‐acute COVID‐19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction

作者：Anna Campabadal, Javier Oltra, Carme Junqué, Núria Guillén, M. Botí, Roser Sala‐Llonch, Gemma C. Monté, Gema M. Lledó, Núria Bargalló, Lorena Rami, Raquel Sánchez‐Valle, Bàrbara Segura · 发表于：Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/acn3.51710 · 被引用次数：41 · 研究领域：Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies、Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

OBJECTIVE: This research aims to study structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: COVID-19 patients were evaluated using T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on a 3T MRI scanner, 9.94 ± 3.83 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Gray matter (GM) voxel-based morphometry was performed using FSL-VBM. Voxelwise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity was carried out with the tract-based spatial statistics in the olfactory system. The smell identification test (UPSIT) was used to classify patients as normal olfaction or olfactory dysfunction groups. Intergroup comparisons between GM and DTI measures were computed, as well as correlations with the UPSIT scores. RESULTS: Forty-eight COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Twenty-three were classified as olfactory dysfunction, and 25 as normal olfaction. The olfactory dysfunction group had lower GM volume in a cluster involving the left amygdala, insular cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, frontal superior and inferior orbital gyri, gyrus rectus, olfactory cortex, caudate, and putamen. This group also showed higher MD values in the genu of the corpus callosum, the orbitofrontal area, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the forceps minor; and higher RD values in the anterior corona radiata, the genu of the corpus callosum, and uncinate fasciculus compared with the ...