Prenatal ultrasound evaluation of fetal cutaneous hemangioma and related complications

作者：Minyan Liao, Bingjia He, Zhen Xiao, Limin Wang, Yan Chen, Xiangjiao Liu, Shuang Shu, Ning Shang · 发表于：The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1080/14767058.2022.2157257 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Vascular Malformations and Hemangiomas、Tumors and Oncological Cases、Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies

Objectives Congenital hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors but can lead to serious adverse pregnancy outcomes. Its prenatal diagnosis is a challenge. We explored the clinical applications of prenatal ultrasound for evaluating fetal cutaneous hemangioma and associated complications.Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted comprising a population of pregnant women with fetal cutaneous hemangioma, the latter diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, between January 2016 and December 2020. The clinical characteristics, sonographic images, complications, and pregnancy outcomes were documented and analyzed.Results We identified 20 cases of fetal cutaneous hemangioma diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and confirmed by postpartum examinations. Most hemangiomas were in the head and neck (55%), with either solid isoechoicity (25%) or solid mildly hyperechoic (25%), and well-circumscribed (80%) mass. Eight (40%) fetuses experienced complications, which often occurred in fetuses with large hemangiomas (67% with maximum diameter ≥5 cm; 100% with a volume ≥40 cm3). The most common complications were cardiac-related (88%), including elevated cardiothoracic area ratio, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and fetal hydrops. A large hemangioma was usually associated with advanced gestational age and a fast hemangioma growth rate. In five (25%) cases, the pregnancy was terminated; these involved hemangioma of the head or neck. One newborn developed Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon, p...