Metabolic syndrome among treatment‐naïve people living with and without HIV in Zambia and Zimbabwe: a cross‐sectional analysis

作者：Belinda Chihota, Ardele Mandiriri, Tinei Shamu, Guy K. Muula, Hellen Nyamutowa, Charlotte Taderera, Daniel Mwamba, Roma Chilengi, Carolyn Bolton‐Moore, Samuel Bosomprah, Matthias Egger, Cleophas Chimbetete, Gilles Wandeler, for IeDEA Southern Africa · 发表于：Journal of the International AIDS Society · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/jia2.26047 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：HIV-related health complications and treatments、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

INTRODUCTION: Chronic viral replication has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in people living with HIV (PLWH), but few studies have evaluated this association in Southern Africa. We explored the determinants of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among treatment-naïve adults living with and without HIV in Southern Africa. METHODS: Treatment-naïve PLWH and people living without HIV (PLWOH) ≥30 years were consecutively enrolled from primary care clinics in Zambia and Zimbabwe. PLWOH were seronegative partners or persons presenting for HIV testing. We defined MetS as the presence of central obesity plus any two of the following: raised blood pressure, impaired fasting glucose, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and raised triglycerides, as defined by the International Diabetes Federation. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with MetS. RESULTS: (IQR 108-412) and the viral load was 24,114 copies/ml (IQR 277-214,271). Central obesity was present in 365/523 (70%) females and 57/378 males (15%). MetS was diagnosed in 172/901 (19%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17-22%), and prevalence was higher among females than males (27% vs. 9%). In multivariable analyses, HIV status was not associated with MetS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.05, 95% CI 0.74-1.51). Risk factors for MetS included age older than 50 years (aOR 2.31, 95% CI 1.49-3.59), female sex (aOR 3.47, 95% CI 2.15-5.60), highest income (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.39-3.44) and ...