Higher spring phenological sensitivity to forcing temperatures of Asian compared to European tree species under low and high pre-chilling conditions

作者：Manuel Walde, Zhaofei Wu, Tom Fox, Frederik Baumgarten, Yongshuo H. Fu, Shuxin Wang, Yann Vitasse · 发表于：Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/ffgc.2022.1063127 · 被引用次数：25 · 研究领域：Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Tree-ring climate responses、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Winter chilling, spring forcing temperature and photoperiod are the most important drivers explaining the spatial and temporal variability of spring phenology in temperate trees. However, how these factors interact with each other on dormancy release and spring budburst date remains unclear and varies greatly depending on species. Our knowledge is also limited as to whether heat accumulation of forcing temperatures that trigger bud break in spring is a linear or non-linear process. Here, we aimed at experimentally quantifying the effect of chilling, forcing, photoperiod and their interactions on the budburst dates of nine different temperate tree species from East Asia (near Beijing, China) and Central Europe (near Zurich, Switzerland), including six phylogenetically related species (same genus). We conducted a full factorial experiment in climate chambers using two chilling (low and high, i.e., 0 vs. 56 days at 2°C after sampling at the end of December), four forcing (5, 10, 15, and 20°C), and two photoperiod (8 vs. 16 h) treatments simultaneously in Beijing and Zurich. We found that species growing near Beijing responded more readily to forcing conditions than species of the same genus growing near Zurich regardless of chilling treatment. Budburst timing of most species but European beech was marginally, if at all, affected by photoperiod. Furthermore, our results suggest that linear heat accumulation, as commonly used with the growing degree hours (GDH) model, could result...