Covid-19: evolução temporal e imunização nas três ondas epidemiológicas, Brasil, 2020–2022

作者：Erly Catarina de Moura, Juan José Cortez-Escalante, Fabrício Vieira Cavalcante, Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barrêto, Mauro Niskier Sanchez, Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos · 发表于：Revista de Saúde Pública · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004907 · 被引用次数：140 · 研究领域：Animal Law and Welfare、Education during COVID-19 pandemic、Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy

OBJECTIVE: Describe the temporal evolution of morbimortality due to Covid-19 and vaccination coverage during the health emergency in Brazil. METHODS: Number of cases and deaths due to Covid-19 were extracted from the public panel of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, according to epidemiological week (EW) and geographic region. Data on vaccines and variants were obtained, respectively, from the Information System of the National Immunization Program and the Genomic Surveillance System of SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: Three peaks of deaths characterized the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic: in EW 30 of 2020, in the EW 14 of 2021 and in the EW six of 2022; three case waves, starting in the North and Northeast regions, with higher rates in the third wave, mainly in the South region. Vaccination started in the epidemiological week three of 2021, rapidly reaching most of the population, particularly in the Southeast and South regions, coinciding with a reduction exclusively in the mortality rate in the third wave. Only from the beginning of the second wave, when Gama was the dominant variant, 146,718 genomes were sequenced. From the last EW of 2021, with vaccination coverage already approaching 70%, the Omicron variant caused an avalanche of cases, but with fewer deaths. CONCLUSIONS: We noticed the presence of three waves of Covid-19, as well as the effect of immunization on the reduction of mortality in the second and third waves, attributed to the Delta and Omicron variants, respectivel...