Long-term analysis of soil water regime and nitrate dynamics at agricultural experimental site: Field-scale monitoring and numerical modeling using HYDRUS-1D

作者：Vedran Krevh, Lana Filipović, Dragutin Petošić, Ivan Mustać, Igor Bogunović, Jasminka Butorac, Ivica Kisić, Jasmina Defterdarović, Zoran Nakić, Zoran Kovač, Paulo Pereira, Hailong He, Rui Chen, Gurpal S. Toor, Antoine Versini, Thomas Baumgartl, Vilim Filipović · 发表于：Agricultural Water Management · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1016/j.agwat.2022.108039 · 被引用次数：35 · 研究领域：Soil and Unsaturated Flow、Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics、Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing

Intensive agricultural practices increase agrochemical pollution, particularly nitrogen (N) based fertilizers, which present an environmental risk. This study aims to evaluate long-term (2009–2020) data on soil water regime and nitrate dynamics at an agricultural experimental site on fine-textured soils and to better understand the implications of N management in relation to groundwater pollution. The field site is located in the Biđ field (eastern Croatia), in the proximity of the Sava river. Zero-tension lysimeters were installed at six selected locations. Lysimeters were used to monitor the water regime, i.e., outflows in which nitrate concentration was measured, while additional soil-water samples were collected via 4 and 15-meter-deep monitoring wells. Soil hydraulic parameters were estimated by combining the laboratory measurements, and estimation in RETC software. Water regime and nitrate leaching in lysimeters were simulated using HYDRUS-1D for each year to allow crop rotation and to evaluate their effects individually. The HYDRUS-1D model successfully reproduced lysimeter outflows and nitrate dynamics, which was confirmed with high R2 values (water: 93% above 0.7, and nitrate: 73% above 0.7) indicating the good performance of the model simulating nitrification chain reactions. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the relationships among all soil properties and environmental characteristics. The results showed the complex interaction of soil hy...