Restoring After Central Nervous System Injuries: Neural Mechanisms and Translational Applications of Motor Recovery

作者：Zhengrun Gao, Zhen Pang, Yi‐Ming Chen, Gaowei Lei, Shuai Zhu, Guotao Li, Yundong Shen, Wendong Xu · 发表于：Neuroscience Bulletin · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1007/s12264-022-00959-x · 被引用次数：63 · 研究领域：Spinal Cord Injury Research、Nerve injury and regeneration、Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury, are leading causes of long-term disability. It is estimated that more than half of the survivors of severe unilateral injury are unable to use the denervated limb. Previous studies have focused on neuroprotective interventions in the affected hemisphere to limit brain lesions and neurorepair measures to promote recovery. However, the ability to increase plasticity in the injured brain is restricted and difficult to improve. Therefore, over several decades, researchers have been prompted to enhance the compensation by the unaffected hemisphere. Animal experiments have revealed that regrowth of ipsilateral descending fibers from the unaffected hemisphere to denervated motor neurons plays a significant role in the restoration of motor function. In addition, several clinical treatments have been designed to restore ipsilateral motor control, including brain stimulation, nerve transfer surgery, and brain-computer interface systems. Here, we comprehensively review the neural mechanisms as well as translational applications of ipsilateral motor control upon rehabilitation after CNS injuries.