Antigenic Characterization and Pandemic Risk Assessment of North American H1 Influenza A Viruses Circulating in Swine

作者：Divya Venkatesh, Tavis K. Anderson, J. Brian Kimble, Jennifer Chang, Sara Lopes, Carine K. Souza, Andrew Pekosz, Kathryn Shaw‐Saliba, Richard E. Rothman, Kuan‐Fu Chen, Nicola S. Lewis, Amy L. Vincent Baker · 发表于：Microbiology Spectrum · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1128/spectrum.01781-22 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology、Influenza Virus Research Studies、Animal Virus Infections Studies

Human H1 influenza A viruses (IAV) spread to pigs in North America, resulting in a sustained circulation of two major groups of H1 viruses in swine. We quantified the genetic diversity of H1 in swine and measured antigenic phenotypes. We demonstrated that the swine H1 lineages were significantly different from the human vaccine strains and that this antigenic dissimilarity increased over time as the viruses evolved in swine. Pandemic preparedness vaccine strains for human vaccines also demonstrated a loss in similarity with contemporary swine strains. Human sera revealed a range of responses to swine IAV, including two groups of viruses with little to no immunity. The surveillance and risk assessment of IAV diversity in pig populations are essential to detect strains with reduced immunity in humans and provide critical information for pandemic preparedness.