Bioactive Ion‐Based Switchable Supercapacitors

作者：Panlong Li, Yannik Bräuniger, Jonas Kunigkeit, Hanfeng Zhou, Maria Rita Ortega-Vega, En Zhang, Julia Grothe, Eike Brunner, Stefan Kaskel · 发表于：Angewandte Chemie International Edition · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/anie.202212250 · 被引用次数：33 · 研究领域：Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication、Advanced battery technologies research、Electrochemical sensors and biosensors

Switchable supercapacitors (SCs) enable a reversible electrically-driven uptake/release of bioactive ions by polarizing porous carbon electrodes. Herein we demonstrate the first example of a bioactive ion-based switchable supercapacitor. Based on choline chloride and porous carbons we unravel the mechanism of physisorption vs. electrosorption by nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman, and impedance spectroscopy. Weak physisorption facilitates electrically-driven electrolyte depletion enabling the controllable uptake/release of electrolyte ions. A new 4-terminal device is proposed, with a main capacitor and a detective capacitor for monitoring bioactive ion adsorption in situ. Ion-concentration control in printed choline-based switchable SCs realizes switching down to 8.3 % residual capacitance. The exploration of adsorption mechanisms in printable microdevices will open an avenue of manipulating bioactive ions for the application of drug delivery, neuromodulation, or neuromorphic devices.