RETRACTED: Gyrotactic Motile Microorganisms Impact on Pseudoplastic Nanofluid Flow over a Moving Riga Surface with Exponential Heat Flux

作者：Hassan Waqas, Mowffaq Oreijah, Kamel Guedri, Sami Ullah Khan, Song Yang, Sumeira Yasmin, M. Ijaz Khan, Omar T. Bafakeeh, Sayed M. Eldin, Ahmed M. Galal · 发表于：Crystals · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3390/cryst12091308 · 被引用次数：112 · 研究领域：Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer、Heat Transfer Mechanisms、Heat Transfer and Optimization

Background: The improvement of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids is practical for different processes such as drug delivery, manufacturing of crystals, polymer processing, food and drink, cancer treatment, oil and gas, paper making and for many more. The bioconvection phenomenon has engrossed the attention of numerous researchers for its many applications in biotechnology, mechanical and electrical engineering. Bioconvection nanofluids are more prominent in the fields of biomedicine, pharmacy, nanodrug delivery, biomedical, automotive cooling and the military. Purpose: The major purpose of the current work was to determine the numerical and statistical analysis of a novel thermal radiation and exponential space-based heat source on the bioconvective flow of a pseudoplastic 3D nanofluid past a bidirectional stretched Riga surface. The behavior of the Arrhenius activation energy (AAE) and thermal radiation are also disclosed. Methodology: Suitable similarity transformations were used to transmute the partial differential equations of the flow-modeled phenomena into the structure of ordinary differential ones. The numerical solutions for the renewed set of ODEs were tackled by the bvp4c shooting algorithm built-in MATLAB software. Furthermore, the statistical analysis was computed by applying response surface methodology (RSM). Research implications: The numerical analysis is valid for the incompressible three-dimensional, magnetized flow of a pseudoplastic bioconvection na...