Pigment microparticles and microplastics found in human thrombi based on Raman spectral evidence

作者：Di Wu, Yudong Feng, Rui Wang, Jin Jiang, Quanquan Guan, Xu Yang, Hongcheng Wei, Yankai Xia, Yongming Luo · 发表于：Journal of Advanced Research · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1016/j.jare.2022.09.004 · 被引用次数：344 · 研究领域：Microplastics and Plastic Pollution、Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications、Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management

INTRODUCTION: Environmental microparticle is becoming a global pollutant and the entire population is increasingly exposed to the microparticles from artificial materials. The accumulation of microparticles including microplastics and its subsequent effects need to be investigated timely to keep sustainable development of human society. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the accumulation of environmental particles in thrombus, the pathological structure in the blood circulation system. METHODS: Patients receiving cardiovascular surgical operations were screened and twenty-six thrombi were collected, digested and filtered. Non-soluble microparticles were enriched on the filter membrane and then were analyzed and identified with Raman Spectrometer. The associations of particle status (presence or absence) or particle number in the thrombus and clinical indicators were examined. One strict quality control-particle detection system was designed to eliminate environmental contaminations. RESULTS: Among twenty-six thrombi, sixteen contained eighty-seven identified particles ranging from 2.1 to 26.0 μm in size. The number of microparticles in each thrombus ranged from one to fifteen with the median reaching five. All the particles found in thrombi were irregularly block-shaped. Totally, twenty-one phthalocyanine particles, one Hostasol-Green particle, and one low-density polyethylene microplastic, which were from synthetic materials, were identified in thrombi. The rest micropa...