The glymphatic system: Current understanding and modeling

作者：Tomas Bohr, Poul G. Hjorth, Sebastian C. Holst, Sabina Hrabětová, Vesa Kiviniemi, Tuomas O. Lilius, Iben Lundgaard, Kent‐André Mardal, Erik A. Martens, Yuki Mori, U. Valentin Nägerl, Charles Nicholson, Allen Tannenbaum, John H. Thomas, Jeffrey Tithof, Helene Benveniste, Jeffrey J. Iliff, Douglas H. Kelley, Maiken Nedergaard · 发表于：iScience · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1016/j.isci.2022.104987 · 被引用次数：382 · 研究领域：Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus、Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations、Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

We review theoretical and numerical models of the glymphatic system, which circulates cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid around the brain, facilitating solute transport. Models enable hypothesis development and predictions of transport, with clinical applications including drug delivery, stroke, cardiac arrest, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. We sort existing models into broad categories by anatomical function: Perivascular flow, transport in brain parenchyma, interfaces to perivascular spaces, efflux routes, and links to neuronal activity. Needs and opportunities for future work are highlighted wherever possible; new models, expanded models, and novel experiments to inform models could all have tremendous value for advancing the field.