Genomics and morphometrics reveal the adaptive evolution of pikas
作者：Ruixiang Tang, 四川大学生命科学学院生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室, 四川 成都610065, 中国, Jiao Wang, Yifei Li, Cheng-Ran Zhou, Guanliang Meng, Fengjun Li, Yue Lan, Megan Price, Lars Podsiadłowski, Yan Yu, Xuming Wang, Yin-Xun Liu, Bisong Yue, Shanlin Liu, Shan-Lin Liu, Zhen-Xin Fan, Shao-Ying Liu, Shao-Ying Liu, 四川省林业科学研究院, 四川 成都610081, 中国, 四川大学华西第二医院儿科出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室, 四川 成都610041, 中国, 深圳华大生命科学研究院, 广东 深圳518083, 中国, 亚历山大·柯尼希博物馆, 波恩D-53113, 德国, 中国农业大学昆虫学系, 北京100193, 中国, 四川 成都610065 四川大学生命科学学院四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China · 发表于：动物学研究 · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.072 · 被引用次数：13 · 研究领域：Evolution and Paleontology Studies、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies、Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Pikas (Lagomorpha: Ochotonidae) are small mouse-like lagomorphs. To investigate their adaptation to different ecological environments during their dispersal from the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QTP), we collected 226 pikas and measured 20 morphological characteristics and recorded habitat information. We also sequenced the genome of 81 specimens, representing 27 putative pika species. The genome-wide tree based on 4 090 coding genes identified five subgenera, i.e., Alienauroa , Conothoa , Lagotona , Ochotona , and Pika , consistent with morphometric data. Morphologically, Alienauroa and Ochotona had similar traits, including smaller size and earlier divergence time compared to other pikas. Consistently, the habitats of Alienauroa and Ochotona differed from those of the remaining subgenera. Phylogenetic signal analysis detected 83 genes significantly related to morphological characteristics, including several visual and hearing-related genes. Analysis of shared amino acid substitutions and positively selected genes (PSGs) in Alienauroa and Ochotona identified two genes, i.e., mitochondrial function-related TSFM (p.Q155E) and low-light visual sensitivity-related PROM1 (p.H419Y). Functional experiments demonstrated that TSFM-155E significantly enhanced mitochondrial function compared to TSFM-155Q in other pikas, and PROM1-419Y decreased the modeling of dynamic intracellular chloride efflux upon calcium uptake. Alienauroa and Ochotona individuals most...