The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic retinopathy

作者：Lindan Wei, Xin Sun, Chenxi Fan, Rongli Li, Shuanglong Zhou, Hongsong Yu · 发表于：Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fcell.2022.963615 · 被引用次数：106 · 研究领域：Retinal Diseases and Treatments、Retinal Imaging and Analysis、Glaucoma and retinal disorders

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which can lead to visual impairment and even blindness in severe cases. DR is generally considered to be a microvascular disease but its pathogenesis is still unclear. A large body of evidence shows that the development of DR is not determined by a single factor but rather by multiple related mechanisms that lead to different degrees of retinal damage in DR patients. Therefore, this article briefly reviews the pathophysiological changes in DR, and discusses the occurrence and development of DR resulting from different factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, neovascularization, neurodegeneration, the neurovascular unit, and gut microbiota, to provide a theoretical reference for the development of new DR treatment strategies.