Sleep alterations following COVID-19 are associated with both neuroinflammation and psychological disorders, although at different times

作者：Gaia Pellitteri, Andrea Surcinelli, Maria De Martino, Martina Fabris, Francesco Janes, Francesco Bax, Alessandro Marini, Romina Milanič, Antonella Piani, Miriam Isola, Gian Luigi Gigli, Mariarosaria Valente · 发表于：Frontiers in Neurology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fneur.2022.929480 · 被引用次数：35 · 研究领域：Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、COVID-19 and Mental Health、Sleep and related disorders

Introduction: By the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 rapidly spread all over the world impacting mental health and sleep habits. Insomnia, impaired sleep quality, and circadian rhythm alterations were all observed during the pandemic, especially among healthcare workers and in patients with acute and post-acute COVID-19. Sleep disruption may induce a pro-inflammatory state associated with an impairment of immune system function. Objective: We investigated the relationship between sleep alterations, psychological disorders, and inflammatory blood biomarkers in patients with post-acute COVID-19. Methods: University Hospital (Udine, Italy) between March and May 2020. Selected patients were evaluated at 2 months (T1) and 10 months (T2) after discharge. Each time, we collected clinical interviews, neurological examinations, and self-administered questionnaires to assess sleep and life quality, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Blood biomarkers of endothelial activation, neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cytokines were also measured at each follow-up. Collected variables were analyzed using comparisons between groups and linear regression models. Results: Prevalence of insomnia increased from 10.6% up to 27.3% after COVID-19. Poor sleep quality was found in 41.5% of patients at both study visits. At T1 follow-up, poor sleepers showed higher levels of neurofilament light chain, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and interleukin 1...