p-Phenylenediamine-Derived Quinones as New Contributors to the Oxidative Potential of Fine Particulate Matter

作者：Wei Wang, Guodong Cao, Jing Zhang, Zhifeng Chen, Chuan Dong, Jianmin Chen, Zongwei Cai · 发表于：Environmental Science & Technology Letters · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00484 · 被引用次数：102 · 研究领域：Air Quality and Health Impacts、Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure、Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) has been linked to multiple adverse outcomes, where redox-active species-induced oxidative stress is recognized as an important driver of its biotoxicity. Previous studies have proven that the oxidative potential (OP) is a relevant metric for specific acute PM 2.5 health effects and is associated with various toxicants, especially organic quinones. However, discrepancies between OP induced by the known components and its total levels caused by PM 2.5 remain. Here, we investigated the OP values of a suite of emerging contaminants, five p -phenylenediamine-derived quinones (PPD-quinones), in PM 2.5 using the acellular dithiothreitol (DTT) assay and evaluated their contributions to the total PM 2.5 -induced OP in five megacities in China. N -(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)- N ′-phenyl- p -phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q), a highly toxic quinone responsible for “urban runoff mortality syndrome”, was found to exhibit moderate OP with a DTT consumption rate of 1.70 μM min –1 μM –1 . Meanwhile, it is noteworthy that the estimated OP contribution of the five PPD-quinones was 2.9 ± 2.7% of the total PM 2.5 -induced OP. This is the first study that reveals a considerable OP induced by the emerging PPD-quinones in urban PM 2.5 . The data improve our understanding of the toxicity of both PM 2.5 and PPD-quinones, which is illuminating for further assessment of the environmental risk they pose.