Effect of High- vs Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid Infusion on Need for Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

作者：Jia Shi, Chenghui Zhou, Wei Pan, Hansong Sun, Sheng Liu, Wei Feng, Weijian Wang, Zhaoyun Cheng, Yang Wang, Zhe Zheng, OPTIMAL Study Group, Liqing Wang, Yunhu Song, Chuntao Yu, Xin Wang, Xianqiang Wang, Hongguang Fan, Yan Yang, Fei Xu, Ge Gao, Yan Zhang, Haojie Li, Wei Li, Jing Li, Fuxia Yan, Su Yuan, Yan Zhao, Yue Zhang, Bingyang Ji, Heng Zhang, Jiamin Liu, Yan Ma, Juan Du, Zujun Chen, Li Shi, Yuxiu Fan, Hongqi Lin, Taofu Wang, Ting Lu, Zheng Dai, Chunmei Xie · 发表于：JAMA · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1001/jama.2022.10725 · 被引用次数：146 · 研究领域：Blood transfusion and management、Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques、Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis

Importance: Tranexamic acid is recommended for reducing blood loss and transfusion in cardiac surgery. However, it remains unknown whether a high dose of tranexamic acid provides better blood-sparing effect than a low dose without increasing the risk of thrombotic complications or seizures in cardiac surgery. Objective: To compare the efficacy and adverse events of high-dose vs low-dose tranexamic acid in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Design, Setting, and Participants: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial among adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The study enrolled 3079 patients at 4 hospitals in China from December 26, 2018, to April 21, 2021; final follow-up was on May 21, 2021. Interventions: Participants received either a high-dose tranexamic acid regimen comprising a 30-mg/kg bolus, a 16-mg/kg/h maintenance dose, and a 2-mg/kg prime (n = 1525) or a low-dose regimen comprising a 10-mg/kg bolus, a 2-mg/kg/h maintenance dose, and a 1-mg/kg prime (n = 1506). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary efficacy end point was the rate of allogeneic red blood cell transfusion after start of operation (superiority hypothesis), and the primary safety end point was a composite of the 30-day postoperative rate of mortality, seizure, kidney dysfunction (stage 2 or 3 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes [KDIGO] criteria), and thrombotic events (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, deep vein thro...