Surgical creation of upper extremity arteriovenous fistula and grafts: a narrative review

作者：Simon Montelongo, Dylan E. Brooks, Jennifer Klopfenstein, Eric K. Peden · 发表于：Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.21037/cdt-21-565 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis、Dialysis and Renal Disease Management、Vascular Procedures and Complications

Background and Objective: Surgical creation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and grafts (AVG) continues to be the mainstay access for hemodialysis (HD). Avoidance of dependence on dialysis catheters continues to be a worldwide mission in dialysis access. Importantly, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to hemodialysis access and each patient should undergo access creation that is patient-centered. The aim of this paper is to review the literature, current guidelines, and discuss the common types of upper extremity hemodialysis access and their reported outcomes. We will also share our institutional experience regarding the surgical creation of upper extremity hemodialysis access. Methods: The literature review incorporates twenty-seven relevant articles from 1997 to present and one case report series from 1966. Sources were gathered from electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Google Scholar. Only articles written in the English language were considered and study designs varied from current clinical guidelines, systematic and meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and two main vascular surgery textbooks. Key Content and Findings: This review exclusively focuses on the surgical creation of upper extremity hemodialysis accesses. Creating a graft versus fistula ultimately is decided by the existing anatomy, and is centered around the need of the patient. Preoperatively, the patient should undergo a thorough history and physical ...