Self-supported hard carbon anode from fungus-treated basswood towards sodium-ion batteries

作者：Ping Wang, Yu-Jie Guo, Wanping Chen, Hui Duan, Huan Ye, Hurong Yao, Ya‐Xia Yin, Feifei Cao · 发表于：Nano Research · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1007/s12274-022-4708-5 · 被引用次数：53 · 研究领域：Advancements in Battery Materials、Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication、Graphene research and applications

Hard carbon derived from biomass is regarded as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its low operating potential, high capacity, resource availability, and low cost. However, scientific and technological challenges still exist to prepare hard carbon with a high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), an excellent rate capability, and good cycling stability. In this work, we report a self-supported hard carbon electrode from fungus-pretreated basswood with an improved graphitization degree and a low tortuosity. Compared with the hard carbon derived from basswood, the hard carbon electrode from fungus-pretreated basswood has an improved rate capability of 242.3 mAh·g −1 at 200 mA·g −1 and cycling stability with 93.9% of its capacity retention after 200 cycles at 40 mA·g −1 , as well as the increased ICE from 84.3% to 88.2%. Additionally, ex-situ X-ray diffraction indicates that Na + adsorption caused the sloping capacity, whereas Na + intercalation between interlayer spacing corresponded to the low potential plateau capacity. This work provides a new perspective for the preparation of high-performance hard carbon and gains the in-depth understanding of Na storage mechanism.