The Role of Depressive Symptoms and Physical Activity Levels in Mediating the Association Between HIV Status and Neurocognitive Functions Among Individuals Aged at Least 50 Years in China: Cross-sectional Study

作者：Pei Qin, Jianmei He, Xue Yang, Siyu Chen, Xi Chen, Hui Jiang, Ada W. T. Fung, Zixin Wang, Joseph T. F. Lau · 发表于：JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.2196/32968 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：HIV Research and Treatment、HIV-related health complications and treatments、Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive impairments are prevalent among older people in China. It is more problematic among older people living with HIV. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare neurocognitive performance between older people living with HIV and HIV-negative controls, and to explore whether the association between HIV status and neurocognitive performance was mediated by depressive symptoms and level of physical activity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Yongzhou, China. All people living with HIV aged ≥50 years listed in the registry were invited. Frequency matching was used to sample HIV-negative controls from the general population according to the distribution of age, sex, and years of formal education of older people living with HIV. A total of 315 older people living with HIV and 350 HIV-negative controls completed the face-to-face interview and comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of seven domains (learning, memory, working memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, executive function, and motor skills). RESULTS: As compared to HIV-negative controls, older people living with HIV performed worse in global score and all seven domains (P<.05). HIV infection was associated with higher depressive symptoms (P<.001) and lower level of physical activity (P<.001). Depressive symptoms and physical activity were negatively correlated (P<.001). Depressive symptoms and level of physical activity mediated the association between HIV status and global z-score ...