Roseburia hominis Alleviates Neuroinflammation via Short‐Chain Fatty Acids through Histone Deacetylase Inhibition

作者：Lijin Song, Qinghua Sun, Haonan Zheng, Yiming Zhang, Yujing Wang, Shuang‐Jiang Liu, Liping Duan · 发表于：Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/mnfr.202200164 · 被引用次数：90 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Tryptophan and brain disorders、Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

SCOPE: The gut microbiota plays a prominent role in gut-brain interactions and gut dysbiosis is involved in neuroinflammation. However, specific probiotics targeting neuroinflammation need to be explored. In this study, the antineuroinflammatory effect of the potential probiotic Roseburia hominis (R. hominis) and its underlying mechanisms is investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: First, germ-free (GF) rats are orally treated with R. hominis. Microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokines, levels of short-chain fatty acids, depressive behaviors, and visceral sensitivity are assessed. Second, GF rats are treated with propionate or butyrate, and microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokines, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), and histone H3 acetyl K9 (Ac-H3K9) are analyzed. The results show that R. hominis administration inhibits microglial activation, reduces the levels of IL-1α, INF-γ, and MCP-1 in the brain, and alleviates depressive behaviors and visceral hypersensitivity in GF rats. Moreover, the serum levels of propionate and butyrate are increased significantly in the R. hominis-treated group. Propionate or butyrate treatment reduces microglial activation, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and HDAC1, and promotes the expression of Ac-H3K9 in the brain. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that R. hominis alleviates neuroinflammation by producing propionate and butyrate, which serve as HDAC inhibitors. This study provides a potential psychoprobiotic to reduce neuroinflamm...