The HIV Epidemic in South Africa: Key Findings from 2017 National Population-Based Survey

作者：Khangelani Zuma, Leickness C. Simbayi, Nompumelelo Zungu, Sizulu Moyo, Edmore Marinda, Sean Jooste, Alicia North, Patrick Nadol, Getahun Aynalem, Ehimario Igumbor, Cheryl Dietrich, Salome Thilivhali Sigida, Buyisile Chibi, Lehlogonolo Makola, Lwando Kondlo, Sarah Porter, Shandir Ramlagan, on behalf of the SABSSM V Study Group Contributors · 发表于：International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3390/ijerph19138125 · 被引用次数：195 · 研究领域：Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health、HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions、Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations

South Africa has the largest number of people living with HIV worldwide. South Africa has implemented five population-based HIV prevalence surveys since 2002 aimed at understanding the dynamics and the trends of the epidemic. This paper presents key findings from the fifth HIV prevalence, incidence, and behaviour survey conducted in 2017 following policy, programme, and epidemic change since the prior survey was conducted in 2012. A cross-sectional population-based household survey collected behavioural and biomedical data on all members of the eligible households. A total of 39,132 respondents from 11,776 households were eligible to participate, of whom 93.6% agreed to be interviewed, and 61.1% provided blood specimens. The provided blood specimens were used to determine HIV status, HIV incidence, viral load, exposure to antiretroviral treatment, and HIV drug resistance. Overall HIV incidence among persons aged 2 years and above was 0.48% which translates to an estimated 231,000 new infections in 2017. HIV prevalence was 14.0% translating to 7.9 million people living with HIV. Antiretroviral (ARV) exposure was 62.3%, with the lowest exposure among those aged 15 to 24 years (39.9%) with 10% lower ARV coverage among males compared to females. Viral suppression among those on treatment was high (87.3%), whilst HIV population viral load suppression was much lower (62.3%). In terms of risk behaviours, 13.6% of youth reported having had an early sexual debut (first sex before the ...