The Manchurian Walnut Genome: Insights into Juglone and Lipid Biosynthesis

作者：Xiang Li, Kewei Cai, Qinhui Zhang, Xiaona Pei, Song Chen, Luping Jiang, Zhiming Han, Minghui Zhao, Yan Li, Xinxin Zhang, Yuxi Li, Shikai Zhang, Su Chen, Guanzheng Qu, Mulualem Tigabu, Vincent L. Chiang, Ronald R. Sederoff, Xiyang Zhao · 发表于：GigaScience · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1093/gigascience/giac057 · 被引用次数：36 · 研究领域：Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis、Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis、Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine

BACKGROUND: Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is a tree with multiple industrial uses and medicinal properties in the Juglandaceae family (walnuts and hickories). J. mandshurica produces juglone, which is a toxic allelopathic agent and has potential utilization value. Furthermore, the seed of J. mandshurica is rich in various unsaturated fatty acids and has high nutritive value. FINDINGS: Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-scale reference genome assembly and annotation for J. mandshurica (n = 16) with a contig N50 of 21.4 Mb by combining PacBio high-fidelity reads with high-throughput chromosome conformation capture data. The assembled genome has an estimated sequence size of 548.7 Mb and consists of 657 contigs, 623 scaffolds, and 40,453 protein-coding genes. In total, 60.99% of the assembled genome consists of repetitive sequences. Sixteen super-scaffolds corresponding to the 16 chromosomes were assembled, with a scaffold N50 length of 33.7 Mb and a BUSCO complete gene percentage of 98.3%. J. mandshurica displays a close sequence relationship with Juglans cathayensis, with a divergence time of 13.8 million years ago. Combining the high-quality genome, transcriptome, and metabolomics data, we constructed a gene-to-metabolite network and identified 566 core and conserved differentially expressed genes, which may be involved in juglone biosynthesis. Five CYP450 genes were found that may contribute to juglone accumulation. NAC, bZip, NF-YA, and NF-YC are po...