Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based treatment beyond progression with prior immunotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study

作者：Tian Tian, Min Yu, Yang Yu, Ke Wang, Panwen Tian, Ziyue Luo, Zhenyu Ding, Ye Wang, Youling Gong, Jiang Zhu, Bingwen Zou, Terence T. Sio, Adelaide Alves, Yongmei Liu, Meijuan Huang, You Lü · 发表于：Translational Lung Cancer Research · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.21037/tlcr-22-376 · 被引用次数：24 · 研究领域：Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers、Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Lung Cancer Research Studies

Background: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide unprecedented survival improvement for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), disease progression inevitably occurs. After ICIs failure, limited data exist on whether ICI-based treatment beyond progression (TBP) may be beneficial to advanced NSCLC. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment approach in advanced NSCLC and identify potential beneficial factors. Methods: Patients with stage IV NSCLC who received ICI-based treatment after the failure of prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatments (monotherapy or combination therapy) between January 2016 and July 2020 were enrolled. Their clinical characteristics and treatment procedures were collected, and the follow-up would be performed. Results: A total of 204 patients were included. All patients had disease progression after prior immunotherapy, with 49.5% (101/204) of patients presenting with new metastasis lesions and the rest 50.5% (103/204) of patients' progression on originate lesions. Within the entire cohort, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of ICI-based TBP with prior immunotherapy were 5.0 months (95% CI: 4.5-5.5 months) and 15.7 months (95% CI: 14.7-16.8 months), respectively. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 9.3% and 74.0%, respectively. According to the multivariate analysis, ICI-based combination therapy [PFS: hazard ratio (HR...