The Association Between Plant-Based Diet Indices and Obesity and Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Adults: Longitudinal Analyses From the China Health and Nutrition Survey

作者：Bo Chen, Jingjing Zeng, Minghui Qin, Wenlei Xu, Zhaoxia Zhang, Xiaying Li, Shaoyong Xu · 发表于：Frontiers in Nutrition · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fnut.2022.881901 · 被引用次数：44 · 研究领域：Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact、Nutritional Studies and Diet、Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability

Background A wide range of health benefits are associated with consuming a diet high in plant-based foods. Diet quality can be accurately assessed using plant-based diet indices, however there is inadequate evidence that plant-based diet indices are linked to obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), especially in Chinese cultures who have traditionally consumed plant-rich foods. Methods The data came from the China Nutrition and Health Survey. Overall, 11,580 adult participants were enrolled between 2004 and 2006 and followed up until 2009 or 2015 (follow-up rate: 73.4%). Dietary intake was assessed across three 24-h recalls, and two plant-based dietary indices [overall plant-based diet indice (PDI) and healthy plant-based diet indice (hPDI)] were calculated using China Food Composition Code and categorized into quintiles. The study's endpoints were overweight/obesity, hypertension, and T2D. The Hazard ratio (HR) and dose-response relationship were assessed using the Cox proportional risk model and restricted cubic splines. The areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the PDI and hPDI. Results During the median follow-up period of more than 10 years, 1,270 (33.4%), 1,509 (31.6%), and 720 (11.5%) participants developed overweight / obesity, hypertension, and T2D, respectively. The higher PDI score was linked with a reduced risk of overweight/obesity [HR: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.55–0.93), ...