Context-dependent effects of IL-2 rewire immunity into distinct cellular circuits

作者：Carly E. Whyte, K. N. Singh, Oliver T. Burton, Meryem Aloulou, Lubna Kouser, Rafael Veiga, Amy Dashwood, Hanneke Okkenhaug, Samira Benadda, Alena Moudrá, Orian Bricard, Stéphanie Liénart, Pascal Bielefeld, Carlos P. Roca, Francisco José Naranjo-Galindo, Félix Lombard‐Vadnais, Steffie Junius, David Bending, Masahiro Ono, Tino Hochepied, Timotheus Y.F. Halim, Susan Schlenner, Sylvie Lesage, James Dooley, Adrian Liston · 发表于：The Journal of Experimental Medicine · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1084/jem.20212391 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：Immune Cell Function and Interaction、T-cell and B-cell Immunology、Exercise and Physiological Responses

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a key homeostatic cytokine, with therapeutic applications in both immunogenic and tolerogenic immune modulation. Clinical use has been hampered by pleiotropic functionality and widespread receptor expression, with unexpected adverse events. Here, we developed a novel mouse strain to divert IL-2 production, allowing identification of contextual outcomes. Network analysis identified priority access for Tregs and a competitive fitness cost of IL-2 production among both Tregs and conventional CD4 T cells. CD8 T and NK cells, by contrast, exhibited a preference for autocrine IL-2 production. IL-2 sourced from dendritic cells amplified Tregs, whereas IL-2 produced by B cells induced two context-dependent circuits: dramatic expansion of CD8+ Tregs and ILC2 cells, the latter driving a downstream, IL-5-mediated, eosinophilic circuit. The source-specific effects demonstrate the contextual influence of IL-2 function and potentially explain adverse effects observed during clinical trials. Targeted IL-2 production therefore has the potential to amplify or quench particular circuits in the IL-2 network, based on clinical desirability.