Characteristics, Prognosis, and Competing Risk Nomograms of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: Evidence for Pigmentary Disorders

作者：Zichao Li, Xinrui Li, Xiaowei Yi, Tian Li, Xingning Huang, Xiaoya Ren, Tianyuan Ma, Kun Li, Hanfeng Guo, Shengxiu Chen, Yao Ma, L. Shang, Baoqiang Song, Dahai Hu · 发表于：Frontiers in Oncology · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fonc.2022.838840 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management、Melanoma and MAPK Pathways、Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies

Purpose Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) always presents as a complex disease process with poor prognosis. The objective of the present study was to explore the influence of solitary or multiple cancers on the prognosis of patients with CMM to better understand the landscape of CMM. Methods We reviewed the records of CMM patients between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The cumulative incidence function was used to represent the probabilities of death. A novel causal inference method was leveraged to explore the risk difference to death between different types of CMM, and nomograms were built based on competing risk models. Results The analysis cohort contained 165,043 patients with CMM as the first primary malignancy. Patients with recurrent CMM and multiple primary tumors had similar overall survival status (p = 0.064), while their demographics and cause-specific death demonstrated different characteristics than those of patients with solitary CMM ( p < 0.001), whose mean survival times are 75.4 and 77.3 months and 66.2 months, respectively. Causal inference was further applied to unveil the risk difference of solitary and multiple tumors in subgroups, which was significantly different from the total population ( p < 0.05), and vulnerable groups with high risk of death were identified. The established competing risk nomograms had a concordance index >0.6 on predicting the probabilities of death of CMM or othe...