FLOURY ENDOSPERM20 encoding SHMT4 is required for rice endosperm development

作者：Mengyuan Yan, Tian Pan, Yun Zhu, Xiaokang Jiang, Mingzhou Yu, Rongqi Wang, Feng Zhang, Sheng Luo, Xiuhao Bao, Yu Chen, Binglei Zhang, Ruonan Jing, Zhijun Cheng, Xin Zhang, Cailin Lei, Qibing Lin, Shanshan Zhu, Xiuping Guo, Yulong Ren, Jianmin Wan · 发表于：Plant Biotechnology Journal · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1111/pbi.13858 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement、Food composition and properties、Biofuel production and bioconversion

Endosperm stores starch and proteins in cereal crop seeds, providing a major calorie source for human consumption. Rice, given its agricultural importance and rich genetic resources, serves as a model crop for dissecting the molecular basis of endosperm development. Although many genes affecting endosperm development have been functionally characterized, our understanding of storage substance accumulation remains fragmented (He et al., 2021; Huang et al., 2021). Serine hydroxymethyltransferases (SHMTs) catalyse the reversible conversion of glycine to serine in known organisms, including plants (Schirch and Szebenyi, 2005). Genetic evidence from plants suggests the involvement of SHMTs in biotic and/or abiotic stress responses (Liu et al., 2012; Moreno et al., 2005), but their potential functions in endosperm development remain obscure. To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying endosperm development, we identified seven allelic floury endosperm mutants flo20-1 to flo20-7 from an ethylmethanesulfonate-mutagenized pool of japonica rice variety Kitaake (Figure S1) and chose flo20-1 for in-depth studies. flo20-1 plants displayed defective endosperm development, as evidenced by floury endosperm appearance and ~23% reduction in 1000-grain weight at maturity (Figure 1a,b). Starch and protein contents were reduced but lipid content was increased in flo20-1, compared with wild type (WT; Figure 1b). To investigate the cytological basis of disrupted storage substance accumulation, w...