Anxiety Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

作者：Chao‐Jie He, Changlin Zhai, Shao-Dai Huang, Hongyan Fan, Yezhou Qian, Chun-Yan Zhu, Huilin Hu · 发表于：Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fcvm.2022.890506 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies、Cardiac Health and Mental Health、Heart Failure Treatment and Management

Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the prevalent inherited cardiomyopathy and a major contributor to sudden death and heart failure in young adults. Although depression has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease, the relationship between anxiety and HCM clinical outcomes has not been addressed. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in patients with HCM and the association between anxiety and adverse prognosis in this population. Methods A total of 793 patients with HCM were prospectively enrolled and followed up for a mean of 4.1 years from March 2014 to January 2018. The primary endpoint was sudden cardiac death (SCD) events, and the secondary endpoint was HCM-related heart failure events. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) during outpatient visits or hospital stays. Results Elevated scores on the HADS anxiety subscale (HADS-A ≥ 8) were defined as clinically significant anxiety. SCD and HCM-related heart failure events occurred in 76 and 149 patients, respectively, during the follow-up period. Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated the significant association of anxiety with SCD events (log-rank P = 0.012) and HCM-related heart failure events (log-rank P = 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed anxiety as a predictor of SCD events and HCM-related heart failure events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–2....