A World Malaria Map: Plasmodium falciparum Endemicity in 2007

作者：Simon I Hay, Carlos A. Guerra, Peter W. Gething, Anand P. Patil, Andrew J. Tatem, Abdisalan M. Noor, Caroline Kabaria, Bui Huu Manh, Iqbal Elyazar, Simon Brooker, David L. Smith, Rana Moyeed, Robert W. Snow · 发表于：PLoS Medicine · 年份：2009 · DOI：10.1371/journal.pmed.1000048 · 被引用次数：512 · 研究领域：Malaria Research and Control、Mosquito-borne diseases and control、COVID-19 epidemiological studies

BACKGROUND: Efficient allocation of resources to intervene against malaria requires a detailed understanding of the contemporary spatial distribution of malaria risk. It is exactly 40 y since the last global map of malaria endemicity was published. This paper describes the generation of a new world map of Plasmodium falciparum malaria endemicity for the year 2007. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A total of 8,938 P. falciparum parasite rate (PfPR) surveys were identified using a variety of exhaustive search strategies. Of these, 7,953 passed strict data fidelity tests for inclusion into a global database of PfPR data, age-standardized to 2-10 y for endemicity mapping. A model-based geostatistical procedure was used to create a continuous surface of malaria endemicity within previously defined stable spatial limits of P. falciparum transmission. These procedures were implemented within a Bayesian statistical framework so that the uncertainty of these predictions could be evaluated robustly. The uncertainty was expressed as the probability of predicting correctly one of three endemicity classes; previously stratified to be an informative guide for malaria control. Population at risk estimates, adjusted for the transmission modifying effects of urbanization in Africa, were then derived with reference to human population surfaces in 2007. Of the 1.38 billion people at risk of stable P. falciparum malaria, 0.69 billion were found in Central and South East Asia (CSE Asia), 0.66 billion in Afr...