Review on the Development and Utilization of Ionic Rare Earth Ore

作者：Xianping Luo, Yongbing Zhang, Hepeng Zhou, Kunzhong He, Caigui Luo, Zishuai Liu, Xuekun Tang · 发表于：Minerals · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3390/min12050554 · 被引用次数：114 · 研究领域：Extraction and Separation Processes、Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis、Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production

Rare earth, with the reputation of “industrial vitamins”, has become a strategic key metal for industrial powers with increasingly significant industrial application value. As a unique rare earth resource, ionic rare earth ore (IREO) has the outstanding advantages of complete composition, rich resource reserves, low radioactivity, and high comprehensive utilization value. IREO is the main source of medium and heavy rare earth raw materials, which are in great demand all over the world. Since the discovery of IREO, it has attracted extensive attention. Scientists in China and the around world have carried out a lot of research and practical work and achieved a series of important breakthroughs. This paper introduces the discovery process, metallogenic causes, deposit characteristics, and the prospecting research progress of IREO, so as to deepen the understanding of the global distribution of ionic rare earth resources and the prospecting direction of ionic rare earth deposits. The leaching principle of IREO, the innovation of leaching process, the influencing factors and technological development of in situ leaching process, and the technical adaptability of in situ leaching process are reviewed. The development of leachate purification and rare earth extraction technology is summarized. We aim to provide guidance for the industrial development of IREO through the above review analysis. Additionally, the problems existing in the development of IREO are pointed out from the as...