Distinctive signatures of pathogenic and antibiotic resistant potentials in the hadal microbiome

作者：Liuqing He, Xinyu Huang, Guoqing Zhang, Ling Yuan, Enhui Shen, Lu Zhang, Xiao‐Hua Zhang, Tong Zhang, Liang Tao, Feng Ju · 发表于：Environmental Microbiome · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1186/s40793-022-00413-5 · 被引用次数：34 · 研究领域：Bacteriophages and microbial interactions、Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Vibrio bacteria research studies

BACKGROUND: Hadal zone of the deep-sea trenches accommodates microbial life under extreme energy limitations and environmental conditions, such as low temperature, high pressure, and low organic matter down to 11,000 m below sea level. However, microbial pathogenicity, resistance, and adaptation therein remain unknown. Here we used culture-independent metagenomic approaches to explore the virulence and antibiotic resistance in the hadal microbiota of the Mariana Trench. RESULTS: The results indicate that the 10,898 m Challenger Deep bottom sediment harbored prosperous microbiota with contrasting signatures of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance, compared with the neighboring but shallower 6038 m steep wall site and the more nearshore 5856 m Pacific basin site. Virulence genes including several famous large translocating virulence genes (e.g., botulinum neurotoxins, tetanus neurotoxin, and Clostridium difficile toxins) were uniquely detected in the trench bottom. However, the shallower and more nearshore site sediment had a higher abundance and richer diversity of known antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), especially for those clinically relevant ones (e.g., fosX, sul1, and TEM-family extended-spectrum beta-lactamases), revealing resistance selection under anthropogenic stresses. Further analysis of mobilome (i.e., the collection of mobile genetic elements, MGEs) suggests horizontal gene transfer mediated by phage and integrase as the major mechanism for the evolution o...