Cellulose nanofiber‐derived carbon aerogel for advanced room‐temperature sodium–sulfur batteries

作者：Yang Wu, Yang Wang, Ren Zou, Yongfa Huang, Haihong Lai, Zehong Chen, Xinwen Peng · 发表于：Carbon Energy · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1002/cey2.203 · 被引用次数：70 · 研究领域：Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Advancements in Battery Materials、Advanced battery technologies research

Abstract Room‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT/Na–S) batteries are regarded as promising large‐scale stationary energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost as well as the earth‐abundant reserves of sodium and sulfur. However, the diffusion of polysulfides and sluggish kinetics of conversion reactions are still major challenges for their application. Herein, we developed a powerful and functional separator to inhibit the shuttle effect by coating a lightweight three‐dimensional cellulose nanofiber‐derived carbon aerogel on a glass fiber separator (denoted NSCA@GF). The hierarchical porous structures, favorable electronic conductivity, and three‐dimensional interconnected network of N,S‐codoped carbon aerogel endow a multifunctional separator with strong polysulfide anchoring capability and fast reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion, which can act as the barrier layer and an expanded current collector to increase sulfur utilization. Moreover, the hetero‐doped N/S sites are believed to strengthen polysulfide anchoring capability via chemisorption and accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfide conversion, which is confirmed from experimental and theoretical results. As a result, the assembled Na–S coin cells with the NSCA@GF separator showed a high reversible capacity (788.8 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles) and superior cycling stability (only 0.059% capacity decay per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C), thereby demonstrating the significant potenti...