Long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality in a Danish nationwide administrative cohort study: Beyond mortality from cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer

作者：Rina So, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Jie Chen, Massimo Stafoggia, Kees de Hoogh, Klea Katsouyanni, Danielle Vienneau, Sophia Rodopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Youn‐Hee Lim, Jeanette Therming Jørgensen, Heresh Amini, Tom Cole‐Hunter, Seyed Mahmood Taghavi Shahri, Matija Marić, Marie L. Bergmann, Shuo Liu, Shadi Azam, Steffen H Loft, Rudi G. J. Westendorp, Laust Hvas Mortensen, Mariska Bauwelinck, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Richard Atkinson, Nicole Janssen, Bente Oftedal, Matteo Renzi, Francesco Forastiere, Maciek Strak, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Bert Brunekreef, Gerard Hoek, Amar Jayant Mehta · 发表于：Environment International · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.1016/j.envint.2022.107241 · 被引用次数：94 · 研究领域：Air Quality and Health Impacts、Energy and Environment Impacts、Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure

The association between long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases is well established, yet the evidence for other diseases remains limited. To examine the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with mortality from diabetes, dementia, psychiatric disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD), asthma, acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI), as well as mortality from all-natural and cardiorespiratory causes in the Danish nationwide administrative cohort. We followed all residents aged ≥ 30 years (3,083,227) in Denmark from 1 January 2000 until 31 December 2017. Annual mean concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), and ozone (warm season) were estimated using European-wide hybrid land-use regression models (100 m × 100 m) and assigned to baseline residential addresses. We used Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate the association between air pollution and mortality, accounting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. We additionally applied indirect adjustment for smoking and body mass index (BMI). During 47,023,454 person-years of follow-up, 803,881 people died from natural causes. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 (mean: 12.4 µg/m3), NO2 (20.3 µg/m3), and/or BC (1.0 × 10-5/m) was statistically significantly associated with all studied mortality outcomes except CKD. A 5 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with higher mortality from all-natural causes (hazard ratio 1.11; 95% c...